我国农产品贸易逆差的表现、成因与对策

论文编号:CW158  论文字数:14481,页数:20

我国农产品贸易逆差的表现、成因与对策
 
 摘 要
 
 自2004年我国首度出现农产品逆差以来,连续六年呈逆差走势。文章根据近几年进出口贸易数据来分析我国农产品的贸易现状,从农产品供求失衡、进口关税降低和配额增加、出口贸易环境恶化这几个方面,分析我国农产品贸易逆差持续增加的原因。我国已从农产品净出口国转变为农产品净进口国，净出口国的地位出现逆转，国外优势农产品对国内市场的冲击效应已开始显现。近年来，国际贸易中的绿色壁垒日益增高，出口受阻的产品从蔬菜、水果、茶叶到蜂蜜，进而扩展到畜产品和水产品，对农产品出口造成很大负面影响，严重削弱了我国农产品的出口竞争力，已成为制约我国农产品出口的最大障碍。同时针对如何缓解农产品贸易逆差提出相应的解决对策。

关键词：农产品贸易；重要性；逆差原因；对策

论文类型：应用型

China agricultural product trade deficit performance, causes and countermeasures

      ABSTRACT
 
 Our country has presented the agricultural product trade deficit for the first time since 2004， six years assume the trade deficit trend continuously. The article basis import-export trade data analyzes our country agricultural product in recent years the trade present situation, is unbalanced from the agricultural product supply and demand, the import tariff reduces with the quota increases, export trade environmental deterioration these aspects, analyzes reason which our country agricultural product trade deficit continues to increase. Our country transformed from the agricultural product net exporter into the agricultural product net import country, the net exporter status has the reversal, the overseas superiority agricultural product started to domestic market's shock effect to appear. In recent years, in international trade's green barrier advanced day by day, the export was blocked the product from the vegetables, the fruit, the tea to the honey, then expanded to the livestock product and the aquatic product, had the very greatly negative influence to the agricultural product export, weakened our country agricultural product export competitive power seriously, has become restricts our country agricultural product export the biggest barrier. How simultaneously aims at to alleviate the agricultural product trade deficit to propose the corresponding solution countermeasure.
 
Key words: Agricultural product trade；Importance； Trade deficit reason； Countermeasure

Type of: Thesis Applied Research
目录
1 引言 1
2 农产品贸易的基本理论 2
 2.1 贸易顺差和逆差 2
 2.2 贸易顺差和逆差的影响 2
 2.2.1 贸易顺差的影响 2
 2.2.2 贸易逆差的影响 3
 2.3 农产品贸易的重要性 3
 2.4 国内外研究现状 4
 2.4.1 国内研究现状 4
 2.4.2 国外研究现状 4
3 农产品贸易逆差现状趋势分析 6
 3.1 加入WTO后中国农产品贸易发展环境 6
 3.2 入世过渡期后中国农产品贸易 6
4 我国农产品贸易逆差的成因分析 6
 4.1 国内供求不平衡 8
 4.2 农产品国际竞争力降低 8
 4.2.1 贸易竞争指数 8
 4.2.2 显性比较优势(RCA)指数 8
 4.3 农产品贸易环境恶化 8
 4.4 市场准入承诺 9
 4.5 技术性壁垒 10
 4.6 出口补贴取消 10
 4.7 人民币升值影响 10
 4.8 关税的影响 10
5 应对农产品贸易逆差的对策 11
 5.1 增强贸易主体的经营活力 11
 5.2 提高农业科技进步贡献率。 11
 5.3 加快农产品企业走出去步伐 11
 5.4 加快建立完善农业支持体系，并使之制度化、法制化、规范化 12
 5.5 提高应对政策性风险的水平 12
 5.6 由标准执行者向标准制定者转变 12
 5.7 建立健全信息预警机制 13
 5.8 借鉴国际合作运动的经验，提高农民组织化程度 13
6 结束语 14
参考文献 15
致  谢 16

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