新型自动装弹机控制系统的研究与开发

论文编号:JD212    字数:19767,页数:51  有开题报告，任务书，文献综述

摘  要：本文介绍了一种基于单片机的新型弹药自动装填系统。分析了为什么要对原自动装弹机进行技术改造，介绍了新型自动装弹机所选的器件，并说明了该硬件设计的方法以及其功能的实现。该系统简称新型自动装弹机，以计算机控制系统的理论为基础，以MCS-51系列的8051单片机为核心，并外加输入和输出电路；主回路功率开关器件采用IGBT，再由IGBT管去驱动相应的电气元件。实现了通过有效采集信号、正确判断信号、再做出正确的输出。
原自动装弹机是继电器控制系统，由于本身采用固定的接线形式，没有通用性和灵活性，在工艺要求提出后才能制作，不能实现系列化生产，同时也容易烧坏触点，造成开关动作不可靠，维修不方便等缺点，因此须进行改造。
新型装弹机系统采用的芯片是MCS-51系列单片机的8051芯片。省去了原装弹机中的许多继电器，而用软件实现其控制功能，这是该设计的创新之处。实验结果证明此设计有较强的控制效果和较强的实用性。
关键词：新型自动装弹机   8051  IGBT

ABSTRACT：This artic introduced a kind of automation system which according to SCM(Single Chip Micyoco) of pack cannonball to fill the system automatically, the system brief name is ASPC(Automation System of Pack Cannonball). Analyze why want the realization of the method to ASPC to carry on the technique reformation at first, introduce newly ASPC's circuitry, and explained that hardware design and its function. That system with the foundation of calculator controls theories, take 8051 SCM of the seriates MCS-51s as the core, and in addition input and output electric circuit; the main circuitry power switch is IGBT, and IGBT drives the homologous electricity component.
Early ASPC formed with electric appliances, because of its line form, have no in general use and vivid, then it cannot be modified after craft request sued, and cannot making systematic production, burn easily also and easily bad touch the point, result in switch's action not dependable, maintain inconvenient etc., so carry on the reformation is important.
New ASPC used 8051 chipsets of SCM of seriates MCS-51s. it retrenched many electric appliances of early ASPC, and used software to control its functions; this is a creative design. The result of experiment proves that the design contain stronger control result and stronger function.
Keywords:  ASPC  8051SCM  IGBT

目  录
摘   要....................................................................Ⅰ
Abstract...................................................................Ⅱ
第1 章  绪论................................................................1
1．1研究的理由、目的与意义..................................................1
1．2研究的历史和现状........................................................2
1．2．1历史和现状...........................................................2
1．2．2展望.................................................................4
1．3研究方法、步骤和措施....................................................5
1．3．1确定控制任务.........................................................6
1．3．2选择处理器和外围设备.................................................6
1．3．3系统总体方案设计.....................................................6
1．4预期结果................................................................6
第2 章  新型自动装填系统方案................................................8
2．1弹药自动装填控制系统的原理..............................................8
2．1．1弹药自动装填系统.....................................................8
2．1．2自动装填系统的控制原理...............................................8
2．2几种自动控制系统的分析与比较............................................8
2．2．1继电器控制...........................................................8
2．2．2无触点逻辑控制.......................................................9
2．2．3顺序控制器...........................................................9
2．2．4 PLC.................................................................9
2．2．5微机控制---单片机....................................................9
2．2．6几种系统应用的综合比较...............................................9
2．3以单片机控制的弹药自动装填系统方案的提出................................9
2．3．1单片机控制系统.......................................................9
2．3．2单片机控制系统驱动 IGBT和电路特性...................................10
第3 章  新型系统的控制电路和工作原理.......................................12
3．1单片机工作原理.........................................................12
   3．1．1寄存器...........................................................13
   3．1．2运算器...........................................................13
   3．1．3控制器...........................................................13
   3．1．4存储器...........................................................13
   3．1．5 I/O口及相应的特殊功能寄存器.....................................13
   3．1．6时钟电路与CPU时序................................................14
3．2  IGBT工作原理.........................................................15
3．3系统描述...............................................................15
3．3．1系统框图............................................................15
3．3．2基本器件............................................................15
3．3．3系统的串行编程......................................................16
3．3．4硬件设计............................................................17
第4 章  新型系统的软件概述.................................................19
4．1编程思路...............................................................19
4．1．1主程序流程图........................................................19
   4．1．2编程与算法说明...................................................19
4．2部分子程序原代码和流程图...............................................23
         4．2．1延时子程序.................................................23
         4．2．2查表法,输入点值表..........................................23
         4．2．3入队的算法.................................................25
         4．2．4串保存.....................................................28
4．2．5输入表达式与输出值保存..............................................29
4．2．6串匹配,匹配输入串与指令串...........................................31
4．2．7程序跳转............................................................32
4．2．8模式串处理..........................................................33

结 束语...................................................................42
参考文献...................................................................43
致    谢...................................................................44

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