电力系统电压频率紧急控制装置研究

论文编号:JD308       论文字数:21944,页数:46

摘   要

随着我国经济建设迅速发展,无论是用电单位还是用电量都迅速增加,电力系统的规模日益扩大,电网结构日益复杂。环境及经济等因素以及大容量和远距离的输电线路的出现使得旧的系统的运行接近于临界状态,系统暂态稳定的问题日见突出。电力系统一旦出现不稳定，将会出现大规模的长时间的断电,甚至发生电力系统崩溃的现象。
本文研究分析了电压频率紧急控制原理和控制措施。通过对电压和频率与系统稳定关系的分析，得出紧急控制的关键在于电压和频率的调节。阐述了如何通过电气量测量值得出相关数据，并通过自动减载使系统恢复平衡状态，以实现电力系统的稳定运行。
本文设计了一种电压频率紧急控制的装置，这种装置能快速测量频率、电压及变化率, 区分出短路故障, 判断出系统内功率缺额的大小。一旦电力系统出现不稳定它能快速切除接近于功率缺额的负荷,抑制系统电压频率的快速降低,保证电网安全并保障一些重要用户的供电质量.

关键词   电力系统; 频率; 电压; 控制

ABSTRACT
   
Along with our country economic developed rapidly, both the enterprises and amount of the using power are increase rapidly. The scale of the electrical power system expands with the time passed and the structure of the power network structure become complex. Environmental and economical factors, along with the capacity and distance that the electrical power transmit, make the old electrical transmission system unstable and approach to the critical state.
In this paper, principles and methods of the voltage frequency urgent control is studied. By analyzing the relationship between voltage and frequency with system stability, the key that adjustment the voltage and the frequency in emergency is obtained. The methods that obtain the correlation data through the electrical gauging size and make the system to restore the state of equilibrium by cutting extra burden are described. A device, which control electrical voltage frequency emergency, is designed in this paper.  This device can measure frequency, electric voltage and variety rate quickly, distinguish short circuit breakdown, judging the size of power deficiency vacancy inside a system. Once the electric power system appears unsteady, it can cut off the burden that is equal to the power deficiency vacancy quickly. The decrease of voltage and frequency of the electrical power system is controlled. The safety of the electrical power system and the supplying of the important customer will be guaranteed.

Key words     Electrical power system； frequency； voltage； control

目    录

摘要 
ABSTRACT 
1.引言  1
2.电力系统电压频率紧急控制的概述    2
2.1频率紧急控制  2
2.2电压紧急控制  3
3.电压频率紧急控制装置的原理及分析    4
3.1自动低频减裁装置的说明  4
3.2自动低频减载装置的电气量测量方法  5
3.3自动低频减载装置的失步振荡判据  6
3.4 低频事故的判别方法  11
3.5 低压事故的判别方法  12
3.6 装置防止误动作的措施  12
4.装置的硬件结构及软件开发  13
4.1 装置的基本硬件配置及框图  13
4.2 软件开发  18
5.总结  20
谢辞  21
参考文献  22
附录  23

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