基于LABVIEW的人体心率变异分析测量

论文编号:JD593 附外文翻译,论文字数:19896,页数:30

摘  要

随着科学技术的发展，工业的自动化，人们越来越关心人与工作环境之间的相互影响问题，如何深入准确的评价环境因素对工作人员的影响，已成为现在研究的主要课题之一。由于心率变异（HRV）蕴涵着心血管神经及体液调节的大量信息。心率变异性分析是近年来心电信号处理领域的研究热点，它对于相关疾病的无创检测具有重要的临床意义。30年来随着仪器设备的软硬件改进及临床的广泛应用，HRV监测的价值越来越受到国内外学者的重视。本文从“软件即是仪器”的思想出发，设计了基于虚拟仪器的人体心率变异监测系统。系统运用虚拟仪器应用软件强大的功能对三个连续阶段的心率变异信号进行实时采集、在线分析任务，同时系统具有较强的可扩展性和灵活性。本课题主要完成平台的系统硬件组成，实现软硬件结合的各项功能，即实现心率变异信号检测、采集、存储、分析。对心率变异进行时域分析和AR模型的频域分析，从中提取有用的神经信息，应用于心血管疾病临床诊断。
在课题的实现中，首先对虚拟仪器(Virtual Instrumentation，VI)的结构、功能、意义作了详细的介绍和分析。在此基础上，研究了本系统软、硬件的设计和实现方法，其中软件的设计和实现起到了关键的作用。系统硬件采用技术很成熟的电子产品，使得系统结构简单，系统性能高。整个系统结构由心率变异传感器、数据采集卡、计算机（相应的软件）构成。然后，对心率变异信号进行时域分析、谱分析和混沌分析。最后基于软件在虚拟仪器技术中的重要性，从面向对象方法的角度来设计和实现了软件的各项功能。整个软件的功能包括心率变异信号的实时采集，信号存储，信号时域、频域分析。
关键词：虚拟仪器；数据采集；心率变异性；AR模型
Abstract

With the development of science and technology, industry automation, people more and more concern with the mutual influence question between human and working environment.  How to thorough accurately assess the impact of environmental factors on the staffs, has now become one of the main topics studies. Heart rate variability (HRV) is containing massive information of the cardiovascular nerve and the body fluid adjustment. In recent years, the heart rate variability analysis is a research hot spot on the heart electrical signal processing domain. It has the vital clinical significance for the not-created examination of correlation disease. For 30 years, along with the improvement of instrumentation equipment software and hardware and the clinical widespread application, the domestic and foreign scholars more and more value the HRV monitor. With the thought “the software is the instrument”, this article has designed the human heart rate variability monitor system base on the virtual instrument. The system uses the power function of virtual instrument’s application software, and completes real-time acquisition, the online analysis duty to three continual stage’s heart rate variability signals. The system platform has the strong extendibility and the flexibility. This topic mainly completes the platform’s hardware makeup, and realizes each function of software and hardware. Namely realize heart rate variability signal checking, acquisition, store and analysis. Carry on the time domain analysis and the AR model frequency domain analysis to the heart rate variability, getting the useful nerve information, applied in the cardiovascular disease clinical diagnosis.
During the topic realization, first, introduce and analysis the structure and function, and the significance of virtual instrument (Virtual Instrumentation, VI). On the base of this, study the design and realization method of the system software and hardware. Software’s design and realization becomes the key function. The system hardware uses the technical very mature electronic products, causing the system structure to be simple and high performance. The whole system structure makes up of heart rate variability sensor, data acquisition card, and computer. Then, carry on the time domain analysis, the spectrum analysis and the chaos analysis to the heart rate variability signal. Finally based on the software’s importance in virtual instrument technology, design and realize software each function from the object-oriented method angle. The whole software function includes heart rate variability signal real-time acquisition, the signal saving, signal time domain and frequency domain analysis.
Key words: virtual instrument; data acquisition; heart rate variability; AR model

目    录

引言…………………………………………………………………………1
1  绪论………………………………………………………………………2
1.1 本课题研究的意义……………………………………………………2
1.2 国内外研究状况……………………………………………………………3
1.3 本论文的目的和研究内容……………………………………………………4
1.3.1本文的目的…………………………………………………………………4
1.3.2本文研究内容……………………………………………………………4
2  系统结构和功能……………………………………………………………5
2.1 系统结构……………………………………………………………………5
2.2 心率变异传感器……………………………………………………………5
2.2 数据采集卡…………………………………………………………………5
2.3系统功能……………………………………………………………………6
3  虚拟仪器技术……………………………………………………………6
3.1 概述…………………………………………………………………………6
3.2虚拟仪器结构和功能………………………………………………………7
3.3 虚拟仪器的开发平台LabVIEW……………………………………………8
3.3.1LabVIEW的主要功能………………………………………………………8
3.3.2 LabVIEW的编程方法…………………………………………………………9
3.4 采用虚拟仪器技术的意义……………………………………………………9
4  心率变异信号的分析………………………………………………………9
4.1 心电信号简介………………………………………………………………9
4.2 心率变异信号的获取………………………………………………………10
4.3 HRV信号时域分析…………………………………………………………11
4.4 HRV信号频谱分析…………………………………………………………13
4.4.1谱分析方法简介…………………………………………………………13
4.4.2AR模型及其功率谱………………………………………………………13
4.4.3AR模型参数的确定………………………………………………………14
4.4.4AR模型阶数的确定………………………………………………………14
4.4.5频率分辨率的研究………………………………………………………15
4.5 心率变异信号功率谱分析…………………………………………………16
4.6 HRV信号非线性动力学分析………………………………………………17
4.6.1非线性分析基本概念……………………………………………………17
4.6.2HRV信号混沌参数指标的实现………………………………………………18
4.7 小结……………………………………………………………………19
5  LabVIEW在人体心率变异监测系统中的应用………………………19
5.1 数据采集…………………………………………………………………19
5.2 文件的存储………………………………………………………………20
5.3 系统功能的实现…………………………………………………………20
5.3.1软件设计………………………………………………………………20
5.3.2程序功能实现…………………………………………………………22
5.4 试验结果………………………………………………………………25
6  结论……………………………………………………………………26
谢辞……………………………………………………………………27
参考文献…………………………………………………………………28
附录…………………………………………………………………………29

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