基于DSP的FIR滤波器设计

论文编号:JD647  论文字数:21201,页数:45

摘  要

20世纪60年代以来，随着计算机和信息技术的飞速发展，有力地推进和促进了DSP技术的发展进程。在过去的二十多年的时间里，DSP技术已经在通信等领域得到了极为广泛的应用。
可编程DSP（digital signal processor）是一种能够快速进行数字信号处理的特殊微处理器，而数字滤波器是DSP的基本应用之一．通过介绍利用DSP技术，采用线性缓冲区和带移位双操作寻址的方法实现FIR滤波器的设计．目前所见文献，多数为滤波器的模型设计，所得结果只是在MATLAB等实验环境下模拟仿真完成，带有很大的局限性，而FIR数字滤波器可在TMS320C5402 DSK系统板上实现，保证了仿真和实现结果的一致性。
本论文主要研究了数字滤波器的基本理论，基于TI公司的数字信号处理器TMS320VC5402设计了一款稳定度高，低功耗的数字滤波器系统。主要工作如下：
(1)研究了数字滤波器的基本理论，以及数字滤波器的实现方法。
(2)研究分析了如何利用MATLAB仿真软件来设计出符合各种要求的数字滤波器。并采用了相关的函数设计了几款常用的FIR数字滤波器，并得到了滤波器的相关系数，为利用DSP实现数字滤波做好了一些前期的工作。
(3)研究了TMS320VC5402器件的结构和特性，根据该数字信号处理器的独特的特点，设计合适的系统架构，为实现数字滤波器系统提供了稳定的硬件平台。
(4)根据TI公司5000系列数字信号处理器的基本结构和特征，充分利用其片上资源，结合MATLAB软件的仿真，用软件实现高性能稳定的数字滤波器。

关键词  数字滤波器，DSP，FIR数字滤波器

ABSTRACT

Since the 1960s, as computers and the rapid development of information technology, effectively promoting the DSP technology and the promotion of the development process. In the past 20 years of time, DSP technology in the areas of communication has been extremely wide range of applications.
Programmable digital signal processor is a kind of special microprocessor which can do digital signal processing rapidly. Digital filter is one of its basic application. This text introduced a method which makes use of DSP technique, the adoption of linear buffer with the method which takes to move bits and to look for address with dual operations to carry out a FIR filter＇s design. All the documents at the present, in which there are many designs of filter＇s model. Only using the MATLAB software to carry on imitating real, in which there is much limitation. The FIR filter can be carried out at the TMS320C5402 DSK system plank and it promises to the consistency between imitating real and the result of carrying out.
The mostly important task of this paper is researching the basic theories of digital filter, base on the TMS320VC5402 of TI company design filter system with high stability and low power consume. Main task as following:
Research the basic theory of digital filter and the method of realize of digital filer.
Research and analyze how to use the simulate software of MATLAB to design the required finite impulse response digital filter. Use several function design some universal digital filter, get the coefficient of digital filter, prepare the prophase task of design a digital filter base on DSP.
Research the structure and characteristic of TMS320VC5402, according to the particular characteristic of this digital signal processor, design a rationalization system structure of digital filter.Offer a stability hardware system to realize digital filter.
According to the basic structure and characteristic of spectrum 5000 digital signal processor of TI, make the best use of the resource on chip, combined with simulate software MATLAB, realized high performance and high stability digital filter.

Key words: Digital filter, DSP (Digital Signal Processor), FIR (Finite Impulse response) digital filter

目  录

摘  要 I
ABSTRACT II

1  绪  论 1
1.1 数字滤波器的优点 1
1.2 数字滤波器的发展动态 2
1.3 数字滤波器的实现方法 2
1.4 本文的研究内容 3
2  数字滤波器理论研究 4
2.1 数字滤波器的定义和分类 4
2.2 FIR数字滤波器结构 4
2.3 IIR与FIR数字滤波器的比较 5
3  数字滤波器的计算机辅助设计 7
3.1 滤波器的表达方式 7
3.1.1 滤波器的传递函数模型 7
3.1.2 滤波器的状态方程模型 8
3.1.3 滤波器的零极点增益模型 9
3.1.4 滤波器数学模型之间的相互转换 9
3.2 FIR滤波器的MATLAB辅助设计 11
3.2.1 FIR数字滤波器的设计 11
3.2.2 MATLAB中FIR数字滤波器相关函数 12
3.3 MATLAB软件数字滤波器仿真结果 14
4  TMS320VC5402的硬件结构 20
4.1 TMS320VC5402的基本结构 20
4.2 TMS320C54X的中央处理单元（CPU） 21
4.3 存储器体系结构 23
4.3.1 物理存储器组织 23
4.3.2 存储器映像（Memory Map） 24
4.4 指令系统 25
4.5 寻址方式 26
4.6 片上外设 28
5  数字滤波器的TMS320VC5402定点实现 30
5.1 DSP芯片的定点运算 30
5.2 系统初始化程序设计 31
5.3 软件开发环境及实现数字滤波程序设计流程 32
5.3.1 CCS简介 32
5.3.2 CCS的主要功能 32
5.3.3 软件开发过程 34
5.3.4 数字滤波器程序设计流程 34
5.3.5 FIR程序设计 35
5.3.6 FIR滤波器的DSP实现 36
结  论 39
参 考 文 献 40
致  谢 41

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