智能豆浆机的设计

论文编号:JD649  论文字数:18257,页数:41

摘 要

目前流行的智能豆浆机大都采用微电脑控制，只要启动豆浆机，磨浆、滤浆、煮浆完全自动化，短短十几分钟就自动做好豆浆，既卫生可靠，又快捷方便。
本文介绍的智能豆浆机系统由 PIC16C54单片机、传感器、功能电路、沸腾检测电路、磨浆电路、加热控制电路和报警电路等组成，豆浆生产完全自动化。其工作过程是：先将黄豆放入豆浆机的搅拌器滤网内，搅拌壶内倒入适量的水，装好搅拌机。接上电源，蜂鸣器长鸣一声，提示已经接通电源，指示灯LED亮起，处于待命状态。按下全自动启动键START开始加热，当温度达到75℃左右时，停止加热；搅拌马达运转，将黄豆粉碎，豆浆过滤，而后马达停转，又开始加热，直到豆浆沸腾煮熟，停止加热，发出报警声，提示豆浆已做好。若豆浆较长时间没喝而变凉，按下再加热键HEAT，加热至沸腾，停止加热，发出报警声。若缺水，则关闭加热器和马达，按任意键不响应，并发出急促的报警声，直到关闭电源，加水后才能继续使用。
豆浆生产的工序包括磨浆、滤浆、煮浆，而三个工序又密切配合，使生产的豆浆味道更好。如磨浆前进行预加热，既可以提高工作效率，又缩短煮浆的时间，防止磨浆后煮浆时间过长所易造成的糊锅现象。 

关键词: PIC16C54，豆浆机，控制系统，稳压电源，PCB板

ABSTRACT

At present, most of the intelligent soya-bean milk machine is control by microcomputer. As long as the soya-bean milk machine start work, the process of grinding, leaching and cooking is fully automated. A short span of ten minutes the soya-bean milk would been done. Not only hygienic and reliable, but also quickly and conveniently.
This article discusses the system of the intelligent soya-bean milk machine  including the single-chip of PIC16C54, Sensor, Functional circuit, Boiling detection circuit, Grinding circuit, Heating control circuit and Alarm circuit. The course is that: At first, add some soy bean in the blender's filter, poured an appropriate amount of water into the blender and installed blender. When connected to power supply, the buzzer sounded once, tips have been connected to power, the LED light up, tips the Soya-bean milk machine in the standby. Press the button of START to start heating. When the temperature reached around 75℃ stop heating, Stirring motor operation will be crushed soybeans and the soya-bean milk is filtered, then the motor stopped and started heating until boiling, and stop heating, issued a warning sound prompted milk have been done. If a long time not to drink and become cool, press the button of HEAT to start heating again until to boiling and issued a warning sound. If dry, turn off the heater and motor, press any button not to respond, and issued a alarm sound until adding enough water to continue to use it.
The soya-bean milk production processes including grinding, leaching and cooking. The three processes worked closely, so that milk tastes better. Such as pre-heating before grinding can not only improve efficiency and shorten the cooking time, prevent the cooking time is too long to cause the paste pot.

Keywords  PIC16C54，Soya-bean milk machine，Control System，stabilized voltage supply，PCB

目录

摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II

第1章  设计思路与方案 1
1.1  设计思路 1
1.2  方案设计 1
1.3  方案论证 2
第2章  单元电路设计 3
2.1  传感器的设计与选用 3
2.1.1  传感器的作用与组成 3
2.1.2  传感器设计与选用 3
2.1.3  传感器的工作原理 5
2.2  单片机处理电路的设计与选用 6
2.2.1  单片机的选用 6
2.2.2  单片机的作用及组成 6
2.2.3  单片机的结构、引脚及功能 7
2.3  缺水、沸腾溢出电路设计 9
2.3.1  缺水、沸腾溢出电路的作用及组成 9
2.3.2  缺水、沸腾溢出电路工作原理 9
2.4  报警电路设计 10
2.5  磨浆及加热电路设计 10
2.6  电源电路设计 11
2.6.1  电源的作用及组成 12
2.6.2  电源技术指标 12
2.6.3  整流二极管、变压器选择 13
2.6.4  滤波电路 14
2.6.5  稳压器的选用 14
2.6.6  电源工作原理 16
第3章  系统组成及工作原理 17
3.1  系统组成 17
3.2  系统工作原理 18
第4章  程序设计 19
4.1  程序流图 19
4.2  程序设计 21
第5章  产品制作与调试 23
5.1  PCB板设计 23
5.2  元器件检测与元器件项目表 25
5.2.1  元器件检测 25
5.2.2  元件项目表 27
5.3  产品安装 28
5.3.1  安装的基本要求 28
5.3.2  印制电路板上元器件的安装 28
5.4  产品调试 29
结论与展望 30
参考文献 32
附 录 33
附录A  主电路电气原理图 33
附录B  PCB板布局图 34
附录C  PCB板装配图 35
致 谢 37

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