英文翻译
There is a considerable amount of information available over computer networks.Some of this information is available in database----large collections of material organnised in such a way as to enable systematic retrieval of information.Examplesof databases include university library catalogues,OPACs.There
provide information about books and journals. Other database (known as bibliographic databases) provide information (often about journal articles) within specialized subject areas such as engineering. Such databases may be available as compact discs as well as in networked format . Most such databases, with the exception of the university catalogues, were until recently restricted to specialist users ,because usage was charged for by the minute ,and they required specialist skills for effective searching.
There are a number of databases available to students at Strathclyde University and Glasgow University. At present there are some differences between services available at each university , and to see which databases are provided at your institution you should check your library’s database pages .Some databases are subscribed to by both universities .and these are the ones which are used for reaching purposes in this course .
The interfaces to these databases can vary widely .However ,there are some basic skills in subject searching that are common to them all ,and if you master them it will make it much easier to make good use of these resources .The three basic techniques you need to master when looking for material on a particular subject are :choosing keywords ;using truncation; using Boolean operators.
The Basic Techniques
Choosing keywords
When asked to write an essay or a undertake a study project, it is important that you take time to look at your topic, to try to understand what you’re being expected to tackle .It helps if you have already thought carefully about you information straegy,and understand the scope of your research. What are the core concepts?how might these be translated into terms which can be used as keywords?
You must try to include different keywords which might be used to describe your subject.There should include:
Synonyms (e.g.submarine or submersible or underwater)
Variations in word endings(e.g.singular or plural)
Alternative form of spelling(databases produced in the USA will use American spelling and terminology ;international databases could use both).
Once you have decied on your keywords or phrases,you can use them to search a database .Try not to be too general----entering a keyword like “CAD”in an engineering database is going to produce far too many entries ,unless you link it with another concept.On the other hand,try not to be too specific----if you put in a very specialist concept and get little or nothing,try searching for a slightly broader subject that should cover your more specialist topic.
通过计算机网络可以得到大量的信息,部分信息可以在网络数据库中得到,数据库是按信息系统分类并可恢复的方法组织起来的大量的材料的集合。例如大学图书馆分类目录的数据库,OPACS,它们提供有关书籍和杂志的信息。其他数据库(通常所说的文献目录数据库),在专业领域内(如工程类)提供信息(常常是有关期刊的文章),这些数据库可制成压缩光盘9CD-ROMS)及网络数据库使用。除了大学分类目录,大多数数据库,直到不久前仅现于专家用户使用,因为使用是按分钟收费,而且有效地检索需要专家级的技能。
在Strathclyde和Glasgow大学中,有许多供学生使用的数据库,目前,各大学提供的服务有些差别。你必须检查你们图书馆的数据库网页,看看哪类数据库在你的学校可以使用,有一些数据库在两所大学中均可订阅,它们是用于某些课程教学的。
数据库的检索可以千百万化,然而在主题检索方面有一些基本的也是通用的技巧,如果能精通它们,你将能轻而易举充分地利用这些资源。当你就某一专题查询资料时所需掌握的基本技术有三种:选择关键词法,使用截取法以及布尔运算符法。
基本检索技术
选择关键词法
当你求你写一篇短文或着手一个研究项目的时,抽时间看看你题目,拭着弄清楚你希望解决什么问题。这一点很重要。如果你对信息资料已经深思熟虑,并知道你的研究范围是非常有用的。什么是核心概念?如何形成可用作关键词的术语呢?
你必须试着采用不同的关键词来描述主题
它们包括:
同义词(如:潜水艇或能沉入水中的或在水中的)
词尾变化(如单复数)
可选择的拼音形式(美国制作的饿数据库使用美式拼写及术语,国际通用数据库可使用美英两种拼写法)
一旦你选定好关键词或句子,就可以用它们来检索数据库,不要用太通用词。如在工程数据库中键入关键词(CAD),除非与其他概念词相联,否则就会出现太多检索记录。与之相反,也不要用太专业的词化。如果输入非常专业的概念词,将会得到很少信息甚至没有,尝试着搜寻稍广泛的主题,它应该覆盖你所需更多的专题。
论 文 综 述
摘 要
本文作为设计说明书,根据国家建筑设计的主要设计规范和设计的主要依
据,主要介绍了图书馆的供电系统设计,在现代建筑设计当中供配电系统,包括
负荷的计算,导线的选择,并根据负荷计算的结果选择合适的配电柜。介绍了配
电电力及照明系统,对节能方面做了简单的介绍。弱电系统(含综合布线系统),
主要是介绍原理与线路铺设设计;防雷及接地系统中简要的介绍了一下防雷的重
要意义,防直击雷应该采取的措施。接地方面介绍了几种接地方式的优缺点,根
据实际情况分析选用合适的接地方式。火灾报警及消防联动系统,对于消防系统,
详细介绍了火灾探测器的类型及构造,各种火灾探测器的安放位置;简述了建筑
电气的发展及在国民经济发展中的意义.详细介绍了图书馆消防系统、有线电视
系统、电话系统和宽带网络系统的原理及设计。对于有线电视系统,详细介绍了
有线电视网络的原理和传输分配网络的设计及损耗计算。
关键词: 消防系统,有线电视系统,电话系统,宽带网络 ,原理与设计,防雷接地
ABSTRACT
This Thesis is the basis of architectural design, it briefly introduce the library’s geography position and weather circumstance. Mainly discussed power-supply and power distribution system of the library include the calculation of load, the choice of the conducting wire. According to the calculating result of load, we can choice distributing cabinet fitly. Electric power system and illuminate system do the simple introduction towards economizing on energy the aspect. The weak power system (contain the comprehensive arrangement of wire system), mainly is to introduce the principle and lay down circuits. Lightning protection and connect a ground of system introduced the important meaning of the lightning protection in the synopsis, defend to keep the measure that the shot thunder should adopt. Ground connections introduce the merit and shortcoming of the type that ground protection, choosing to use according to the actual circumstance analysis to ground connection type fitly. Fire warning system and fire protection, for the fire fight system, detailed introduced the each stage of a fire occurrence, the type and structures of a fire detector, various emplacement position of a fire detector. It said the development of the building electricity and meaning in national economy developed. Detailed introduced the library fire fight system, cabled T.V. system, the telephone system and the principle of broadband and the design of the network system.
Keyword: The fire fight system, the cabled T.V. system, the telephone system, the breadth takes the network, principle and design.