论家庭暴力的救济及立法建议

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 论家庭暴力的救济及立法建议
[文摘]2001年，新的婚姻法出台，增加了关于家庭暴力的禁止性规定。家庭暴力已经成为人们越来越关注的话题。它从过去被人们认为的“家事”走向社会干预层面，显示了社会的一大进步。幸福的家庭都是一样的幸福，不幸的家庭各有各的不幸。家庭生活并非我们想象的完美和幸福，家庭战争更是充斥着人们婚后生活的每一个空间。来自婚内的家庭暴力，已经酿成了太多的悲剧，这不得不引起我们的重视和关注。家庭暴力直接损害受害者的身心健康，造成爱害者长期精神紧张，忧虑和恐惧。特别是对妇女和未成年人的身心健康伤害更大。家庭暴力给社会带来很大危害，导致犯罪增多，成为社会的不安因素。因此，我们有必要分析家庭暴力存在的状况，充分认识制止家庭暴力的重要意义，对几千年来一直留在人们头脑中的“两口子打架不记隔夜仇”“清官司难断家务事”等传统观念，和许多人们把家庭暴力当做家务事，认为丈夫打老婆、父母打孩子是天经地义的错误观点，必须给予强力的反击，针对其自身具有的特殊性，找出解决的办法，用法律武器制止家庭暴力的发生，使我们远离家庭暴力，建设美好生活。新《婚姻法》已经明确规定，对实施家庭暴力构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。受害人可以依照刑事诉讼法的有关规定，向人民法院自诉；公安机关应当依法侦查，人民检察院应当依法提起公诉。同时《中华人民共和国妇女权益保障法》规定：禁止歧视、虐待、残害妇女；妇女的人身自由不受侵犯；妇女的生命健康权不受侵犯，禁止用迷信、暴力手段残害妇女；禁止虐待、遗弃老年妇女。侵害妇女合法权益，造成财产损失或者其他损害的，应当依法赔偿或者承担其他民事责任。妇女合法权益受到侵害时，被侵害人有权要求有关主管部门处理，或者依法向人民法院提起诉讼。公安机关对处理涉及家庭暴力的事件，也可以依法理直气壮地保护受害人的权益。
[关键词]家庭暴力 救济方式 立法建议
[Abstract]In 2001, new marriage law releasing, increased has forbidden the stipulation about the domestic abuse. The domestic abuse already became the topic which the people pay attention more and more. It is thought from the past by the people “the family work” to move toward the society to intervene the stratification plane, has demonstrated a society's big progress. The happy family is the same happiness; the unfortunate family has each misfortune respectively. Family life we imagine by no means perfect and the unhappiness, the family war is flooding people after marriage life each space. From marriage's in domestic abuse, had already caused too many tragedies, this can not but bring to our attention and the attention. The domestic abuse direct damage victim's physical and moral integrity, creates loves the harming long-term mental strain, the anxiety and frightened. Specially is bigger to the woman and minor's physical and moral integrity injury. The domestic abuse brings the very big harm to the society, causes the crime to increase, becomes social the restless factor. Therefore, we have the essential analysis domestic abuse existence condition, the full understanding stops the domestic abuse the important meaning, has kept in the people brains to for several thousand years “the couple to fight does not record overnight the enmity” “the clear lawsuit difficult to break the housework” and so on traditional ideas, with many people the domestic abuse regard housework, thought that the husband hits the wife, the parents to hit the child is the perfectly justified false idea, must give the force the counter-attack, has the particularity in view of its oneself, discovers the solution, stops the domestic abuse with the legal instrument the occurrence, causes us to be far away from the domestic abuse, the construction happy life. New "Marriage law" already explicitly stipulated that to implements the domestic abuse constitution crime, investigates the legal responsibility legally. The victim may defer to the Law of Criminal Procedure the concerned requirements, to the People's court private prosecution; The Public security organ must investigate legally, the People's Procurator ate must sue legally. Simultaneously "Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of the Rights and Interests of Women" stipulated: Forbids to discriminate against, the maltreatment, to cruelly harm the woman; Woman's personal freedom frees from aggression; Woman's right to life and health frees from aggression, forbids with the superstition, the violent means to cruelly harm the woman; Forbids to maltreat, the abandonment elderly women. Violates the woman legitimate rights and interests, creates the property damage or other harm, must compensate or undertake other civil liabilities legally. When the woman legitimate rights and interests receive the violation, is violated the human to be authorized to request the concerned Department responsible for the work to process, or files the charge legally to the People's court. The Public security organ to processes involves the domestic abuse the event, may also protect victim's rights and interests righteously legally.
Key words：Domestic violence;Remedies;Legislative proposals

目录
第一章  家庭暴力简介  ················５－１７
 第一节 家庭暴力概念的法律界定   ···········５－７
 第二节 家庭暴力的表现形式和特点   ··········７－９
 第三节 家庭暴力的现状        ············９－１２
 第四节 家庭暴力存在与加剧的原因   ··········１２－１７
第二章  婚姻暴力及家庭暴力成因的伦理分析······１７－２３
 第一节 婚姻暴力   ··················１７－１９
 第二节 家庭暴力共因的伦理探析   ···········１９－２３
第三章  家庭暴力的危害及救济 ·············２３－３２
 第一节 家庭暴力的危害    ···············２３－２４
 第二节 防治家庭暴力的伦理对策和措施   ·········２４－２８
 第三节　家庭暴力的救济    ···············２８－３２
第四章  家庭暴力的立法建议  ·············３２－３７
  第一节 关于家庭暴力的立法缺陷　　···········３２－３３
 第二节 家庭暴力的立法现状　　　 ············３３－３５
 第三节　对家庭暴力的立法建议    ············３５－３７
   
参考文献　　　　··················３８

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