实时嵌入式操作系统的设计

论文字数:16448,页数:34 有开题报告，任务书

 摘 要
 随着微处理器的发展，种类繁多、价格低廉、结构小巧的CPU和外设连接，提供了稳定、可靠的硬件架构。现在嵌入式系统发展的瓶颈在软件方面，尤其是操作系统的“嵌入式”化。由于Linux源码的开放性、简练、多任务、易移植、成本低等特性，成为诸多研究与应用选择的对象。随着2.6内核的发布，Linux向现有主流的实时操作系统提出了更大的挑战，势必能成为更优秀的嵌入式操作系统。
本人一直以来都对Linux 操作系统很感兴趣，并结合本专业，对Linux应用于嵌入式实时环境进行了一定的研究。深入探讨了面向嵌入式实时环境的 Linux系统的体系结构。论文首先概述了嵌入式系统及实时系统的发展情况，然后介绍Linux在实时领域的相关研究，其次讲述了嵌入式Linux系统的构造，最后描述了系统测试的策略，并就下一步可继续进行的工作进行了展望。

关键词： Linux；进程；实时系统；嵌入式系统。

Design on the Kernel of Embedded Operating System
                                      

 Abstract
 With microprocessor development, a wide range of low price, compact structure of the CPU and peripherals and provide a stable, reliable hardware architecture. Embedded system development is now the bottleneck in the software, especially operating systems, "embedded" change. Due to the open-source Linux, concise, multi-task, multi-task and easy to transplant, and low cost characteristics, as many research and application of choice target. With release 2.6 of the kernel, Linux to the mainstream of the existing real-time operating system providers, the greater the challenge, is bound to become more outstanding Embedded operating system.
I got interest with Linux operating system several years ago. Combination my specialty, Then I did some research for real-time Linux. Based on these facts, this thesis demonstrates architecture and internals of Linux system used on embedded systems. The paper outlined the systems and embedded real-time system development, Then real-time Linux in the field of research, followed by about embedded Linux system in the structure, Description of the final system testing strategies, and on the next steps to continue the work forward.
 
Key words： Real Time System, Embedded System, process, Linux  
 
 目录
1嵌入式实时系统概况 1
1.1  嵌入式系统概况 1
1.1.1  关于嵌入式系统 1
1.1.2  嵌入式系统的基本特征 2
1.1.3  典型的嵌入式系统 2
1.2  实时嵌入式系统概况 3
1.2.1  什么是实时嵌入式系统 3
1.2.2  实时嵌入式操作系统 4
2 Linux作为实时系统的分析 6
2.1 Linux内核体系结构 6
2.2 Linux进程管理 7
2.2.1进程描述符 8
2.2.2进程调度 13
2.2.2抢占 16
2.2.3调度器的实时性能 18
3构造嵌入式Linux系统 20
3.1 uClinux结局方案 20
3.2构造潜入式Linux系统 21
3.2.1 构建嵌入式Linux系统的几个关键问题 21
3.2.1 构建嵌入式Linux系统的关键步骤 24
3.3 uClinux在ARMulator的移植 25
4测试方案 28
总结 29
致谢 30
参考文献 31

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