无尘自动黑板的设计

机械设计制造及其自动化论文，论文编号:JX1257  论文字数:12656.页数:31

摘     要

 黑板作为学校教学必不可少的组成部分，是目前学校教学的主要工具。可是传统黑板在书写和擦拭过程中粉尘会到处飞扬，严重污染了教学环境。随着社会进步和社会节奏的加快，教师职业病率呈逐年上升的趋势，职业病呈现多样化方向发展，其中粉尘引起的尘肺以及各种急慢性呼吸道疾病是中国目前职业病中最主要，危害最严重和最广泛的一种。学生近视患病率亦逐年上升，到了异常严重的程度。这是本课题所要研究开发的无尘自动黑板功用所在。
 研制一种无粉尘的黑板是教学界多年来一直未能很好解决的难题。教师是人类灵魂的工程师，也是人类崇高的职业，学生是祖国的未来，他们的身心健康备受政府和社会的关注，绿色环保的观念已日益深入人心，在教育这个庞大产业背后如何彻底消除教室粉笔与粉尘污染，保护师生健康也成为我国各级政府与社会共同关注和着手解决的难题。以前的各种黑板存在着费用高、寿命低，或者效率低、维护困难等不同缺点。因此，研制一款全新的、能解决教室粉尘污染的设备具有非常重要和长远的意义。该课题的研究对改善教学环境，提高师生健康意义重大，也拥有广阔的市场和应用前景。
 本论文介绍了该新型无尘自动黑板的设计思路与过程。在该课题中所研制的无尘自动黑板应当具有以下主要特点：（1）体积小，结构简单紧凑，噪音小；（2）自带擦粉和收集粉尘装置，达到绿色与环保的目的；（3）便于书写，擦拭干净，切实提高擦拭效率。根据上述的功能要求，本文作者在查阅了许多相关文献资料并分析比较了之前现有对黑板的研究的优缺点基础上，确定了该工作装置的设计方案并进行了相应的结构设计。
 本论文通过对国内外现状的分析、方案设计、工作装置的结构设计以及零部件的设计与计算等多方面阐述了该新型工作装置的创新。

关键词：绿色与环保  黑板  健康  机械设计
Abstract
 Blackboard as an essential component of school teaching is an important tool for schools currently. But the dust is seen distinctly when the traditional blackboard is wrote and wiped, so the environment of teaching is polluted seriously. With social progress and Accelerating of the school’s pace, the rate of teachers occupational diseases are rising year by year, and occupational diseases develop in the direction of diversification, One of pneumoconiosis and a variety of acute and chronic respiratory diseases caused by dust in China currently is one of the most important, the most serious harm and the most extensive. The myopia rate of students has increased year after year, and has reached to a very serious level. This is the issue in which the researching of the dust-free and automatic blackboard’s function lie
    Developing a blackboard with dust-free is the problem which the teaching profession has failed to properly resolve on over the years. Teachers are engineers of human souls, and also is human noble career, Students are the future of our motherland, The Government and social are concerned about their physical and mental health, the concept of environmental protection has become popular increasingly.
 In this huge industry behind education how to eliminate the dust pollution of classroom completely and how to protect health of the teachers and students’ health have also become a problem, which the government and society are concern. The previous blackboard exists many different disadvantages, Such as high cost, Low life, or inefficient and difficulty of maintenance. Therefore, it is very important and long-tem significant that to develop a new machine, which can solve the classroom dust pollution. The research of the task has great significance in improving the teaching environment and the health of students and teachers. But it has a vast market and application prospects.
 This text introduced the new dust-free and automatic blackboard’s design thinking and process. The new equipment in this subject should have the following main characteristics:
Small size, simple and compact structure, low noise.
Having its own cleansing and collection device, to achieve the objective of the green and environmental protection
For writing, wipe cleanly, and improving the efficiency of cleansing.
 According to the above function requirements, the author turns to relevant references, compares and analyses the differences of the existing researches about blackboard. Based on the comparison, the researcher determines the design program of this new equipment and does the relevant structural design.
 The thesis interprets this new equipment’s innovations by analyzing the present situation, doing the program design and the structural design and designing components and the relevant calculation.

Keywords：Green and environmental protection；blackboard；health；mechanical design

目  录
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目录 IV
第一章    绪论 1
 1.1  引言 1
 1.2  课题的研究背景 1 
 1.3  课题的提出与论文内容概述 2
第二章    功能分析与原理方案构思 3
 2.1  功能分析 3
 2.2  工作装置的原理方案构思 5
第三章     主传动零件的设计计算 9
 3.1  电机参数的选择 9
 3.2  计算传动装置的运动和动力参数 10
 3.3 蜗轮蜗杆的设计计算 10
 3.4 直齿圆锥齿轮的设计 13
 3.5 控制电路的设计 15
第四章     有限元分析 18
 4.1 几何图形和网格 18
 4.2 材料数据 18
 4.3 载荷和约束 19
 4.4 结果 20
 4.5 有限元图形 20
 
第五章     总结与展望 23
结束语 24
参考文献 25
致谢 26

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