菜籽生物柴油的合成

论文编号:SW055  论文字数:12702,页数:29

摘要：随着能源危机和环境保护的影响，寻找出一种可以替代石油产品的并对环境危害小的新能源越来越成为一种趋势。在一些发达国家，人们已经开始研究用植物油替代石油，并以投入生产使用。同时，菜籽油制取生物柴油的研究较为深入，我们用菜籽油来研制生物柴油具有一定的研究价值。
 用植物油与醇发生酯交换制取生物柴油是目前使用比较广泛的一种方式，在众多的清洁替代能源中，植物油甲酯作为柴油的替代品有很多的优点。影响酯交换反应的主要因素有醇油比、催化剂、反应温度、反应时间等。在实验过程中，考察了醇油比、催化剂用量、反应温度、反应时间对反应产率的影响。结果表明：本研究最优化的反应条件是醇油比为8:1、催化剂浓硫酸用量为菜籽油质量的1.0%、反应温度65℃、反应时间为2小时，在这个条件下得到生物柴油最高产率为92.4%。
关键词：生物柴油；酯交换；菜籽油；浓硫酸

 
 Synthesis of Rapeseed Biodiesel
Abstract : Increasing environmental awareness and depletion of energy resources are the driving force for the industry to develop renewable fuels which is environmentally friendly. In many developed countries, people began to investigate vegetable oil instead of petrol, and some cities have produced large scale. In the same time, Bio-diesel from rapeseed oil is more in-depth research, we developed rapeseed oil to biodiesel has some research value.
 With the vegetable oil transesterification with alcohol Making Biodiesel is currently used by more extensive way, in many alternative energy in clean, vegetable oil methyl ester as a diesel replacement has many advantages. Effect transesterification of methanol to oil ratio of the main factors, catalyst, reaction temperature, reaction time. In the experiment, the study of alcohol to oil ratio, catalyst amount, reaction temperature, reaction time on the reaction yield. The results show that: In this study, the optimal reaction conditions of methanol to oil ratio of 8:1, catalyst amount of concentrated sulfuric acid rapeseed oil is 1.0%, reaction temperature 65 ℃, reaction time was 2 hours in this condition are bio-diesel The maximum yield was 92.4%.
Keyword :biodiesel;transesterification;Rapeseed oil; Concentrated sulfuric acid

目  录
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目  录 III
1.  绪论 1
1.1  生物柴油产生的背景 1
1.2  生物柴油的发展状况 3
1.2.1  国外生物柴油的发展状况 3
1.3  我国生物柴油发展的机遇 6
1.4  生物柴油的制取方法 8
2.  实验部分 11
2.1  实验原理 11
2.2  原料及试剂 14
2.3  仪器与设备 14
2.4  检测方法 15
2.5  实验方法 15
3. 结果与讨论 17
3.1  醇油比对反应的影响 17
3.2  催化剂浓硫酸的用量对反应的影响 17
3.3  反应时间对产物产率的影响 18
3.4  反应温度对产物产率的影响 19
4. 总结与展望 21
致  谢 22
参考文献 23

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