《木马人家》异化的人际关系

论文编号:YY700  论文字数:7950.页数:23

摘要
 
 大卫·H·劳伦斯是二十世纪英国杰出的小说家。在其短暂的一生里，劳伦斯创作了大量脍炙人口的长篇小说，像《儿子与情人》、《虹》、《查泰来夫人的情人》等。此外，他还创作了大量的短篇小说，诗歌，游记等。这些作品客观的反映了工业文明下机械对人的压迫，过度劳动对人性的异化以及人与人之间关系的物化。《木马赢家》是劳伦斯的一篇著名短篇小说。故事探讨了劳伦斯最为关注的现代社会中已病入膏肓的人际关系，并从一个侧面反映了西方工业社会中金钱对健康和和谐人际关系的扭曲以及机械文明压迫下家庭成员关系的物化。
 本文主要探讨了《木马赢家》中人际关系的异化及成因，并试图探讨走出异化的途径。全文由五部分构成。第一章主要介绍了作者劳伦斯和《木马赢家》以及自作品问世以来评论界对其所做的主要研究。第二章通过对小说中夫妻、亲子、亲戚、主仆关系的分析，揭示了资本主义文明下人际关系的全面异化。第三章从社会和个体两方面分析了人际关系异化的原因。社会方面从社会历史背景、经济、文化、教育制度等方面进行分析，个体方面从人的自我异化和人与人之间的异化两方面进行分析。第四章试图探讨走出人际关系异化困境的途径。作者对劳伦斯、萨特、艾略特等人在文学中探求解决方案所做的努力进行分析，并试图找出解决途径。最后结论总结了全文并阐述了它对现代社会中人际关系的警示和启发作用。

关键词：劳伦斯；木马赢家；人际关系；异化

Abstract

 D. H. Lawrence is one of the greatest English novelists in the twentieth century. In his short life, he creates a lot of famous novels, such as Sons and Lovers, The Rainbow, Lady Chatterley’s Lover, and so on. In addition, he writes plenty of short stories, poems and travel books. These works objectively reflect the oppression that machines bring to human beings, the alienation of human nature caused by overwork, and materialized relations between people under the industrial civilization. “The Rocking-Horse Winner” is a famous short story of Lawrence, which probes into the seriously alienated interpersonal relations that Lawrence pays most attention to. The short story also reflects money’s distortion to health and interpersonal relations as well as materialization of family relations under the mechanical civilization.
 The paper mainly discusses the alienation of interpersonal relations and the causes of the alienation in “The Rocking-Horse Winner”. It tries to find the ways of going out of the plight of alienation. The paper consists of five chapters. Chapter 1 introduces Lawrence and “The Rocking-Horse Winner” as well as some people’s researches on them. Chapter 2 exposes the whole alienation of interpersonal relations under the capitalist civilization according to the analysis of the alienation of the relations between the husband and wife, the parents and children, the relatives and the masters and servants. Chapter 3 analyzes the causes of the alienation of interpersonal relations from the aspects of society and the individual. In social respects, it analyzes the historical background, economical causes, cultural causes and educational causes while in individual respects it analyzes the self-alienation of the individual and the alienation between individuals. Chapter 4 tries to explore the ways of going out of the plight of alienation. The author tries to find the solutions through the analysis of the efforts that Lawrence, Sartre, and Eliot make in literary perspective. The conclusion summarizes the content of the paper and elaborates the warning and enlightenment to the alienation of interpersonal relations in modern society.
 
 Key words: Lawrence; “The Rocking-Horse Winner”; interpersonal relations; alienation

Contents

Chapter 1  Introduction1
Chapter 2  Reflections of the Alienation of Interpersonal Relations3
 2.1 Alienated Relation Between the Husband and Wife……………………………………….3
 2.2 Alienated Relation Between Parents and Children………………………………….……4
 2.3 Alienated Relation Between Relatives…………………………………………………….5
 2.4 Alienated Relation Between Masters and Servants…………………………………………5
Chapter 3  Causes of the Alienation of Interpersonal Relations7
 3.1 Social Causes………………………………………………………………………………7
 3.2 Individual Causes…………………………………………………………………………10
Chapter 4  Solutions to the Alienation of Interpersonal Relations13
 4.1 Exploration for Going Out of the Plight of Alienation…………………………………….13
 4.2 Ways of Going Out of the Plight of Alienation………………………………………….…14
Chapter 5  Conclusion16
Notes.17
Bibliography……………………………………………………………………18
Acknowledgements.19

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