苔丝的反叛精神

Abstract

        Tess of the D’Urbervilles is regarded as the most successful tragic masterpiece of Thomas Hardy. In this thesis, the author tries to analyze the revolt of Tess in two main aspects: reasons for the rebellion and characters of the rebellion. The former one is caused by human’s instinct and nature. The human instinct leads Tess to opposing her fate. Tess’s healthy desire simply to be happy is perhaps the source of her great courage and moral strength. The latter takes on the resolution and cowardliness of the rebellion, and the surface of the cowardliness of the rebellion is the awakening of consciousness and noble personality, which foils the novel’s theme and its value and further illustrates the injustice for female in Victorian England. So such a rebellion is impossible to be avoided.

Key Words

Rebellion; self-respect; resolution; women awakening; women consciousness

摘　  要

     《德伯家的苔丝》是托马斯.哈代最杰出的悲剧作品。论文叙述了小说中女主人公反叛的原因和特征。一方面，人类的本性促使苔丝对她的命运进行抗争。苔丝强烈地希望得到幸福也许就是她强大勇气和道德力量的来源。同时文章分析了女主人公反叛的坚决性和软弱性，而表面的软弱性是为反叛意识的觉醒和高贵人格的体现作铺垫，从而反衬作品的主题思想和价值意义，进一步验证了维多利亚时代的英格兰对女性的不公平对待。因此，这样一个反叛是不可避免的。

关键词

反叛；自尊；坚决性；女性觉醒；女性意识

Contents
Abstract..............................................................Ⅰ
Key Words.............................................................Ⅰ
摘要..................................................................Ⅱ
关键词................................................................Ⅱ
Introduction..........................................................1
I. Different Reasons for the Rebellion of Tess........................3
A. Reasons for Subsistence............................................3
     1. A Hard Life for Peasants......................................3
     2. Unequal Morality for Female...................................3
     3. Male Domination of Women......................................4
     4. Class Oppression..............................................5
  B. Reasons for Her Nature...........................................6
     1. Her Sense of Responsibility...................................6
     2. Self-respect..................................................6
     3. Her Aggressive Character......................................6
II. Two Characters of the Rebellion ..................................8
  A. Her Character of Resolution......................................8
     1. Never Yield to Pressure from the Society .....................8
     2. Keeping Apartness to Alec and Killing Him Finally ............9
  B. Her Character of Cowardliness....................................10
     1. Her Love for Clare ...........................................10
     2. Her Second Stay with Alec ....................................12
     3. Her Original Opinions and Fantasy.............................13
Conclusion............................................................15
Acknowledgements......................................................16
Notes.................................................................17
Bibliography..........................................................18