剖析莎士比亚以四大悲剧为代表的悲剧世界

论文编号:YY151  字数:5648,页数:19

Abstract

       Shakespeare（1564-1616）lived in the transition period from feudal society to capitalistic society. The greatest of all English authors, William Shakespeare belongs to one of those rare geniuses of mankind who have become landmarks in the history of world culture. Meanwhile the works of William Shakespeare are a great landmark in the history of world literature. Tragedies, especially the four great tragedies, stand for his greatest contribution.  
In Hamlet, the hero is rational and his plan is in-depth, but he always can’t put his ideas into actions. In Othello, the hero Othello is a brave hero. He loves and is loved. He always trusts others. From the characters in King Lear, we can see the depth and width of life the work reflects. King Lear’s tragedy goes through the whole work. Macbeth is the finally completed and the shortest of the four. It is famous for its quick development. Every role and every story in Shakespeare’s tragedy world based on the four great tragedies make our heart and soul moving. Through analyzing the characters of the four great tragedies, this article tells people how to choose the right destination when they are facing sufferings and ridicule of life. And from them we can find the right way to live and act.

Key Words

Shakespeare; tragedy; disposition flaw; guilt; ambition

摘 　要

     莎士比亚（1564-1616）生活在封建社会和资本主义社会的转折时期。在所有的英国作家中，莎士比亚在世界文学史上是极少数里程碑式人物之一。同样其作品也是一个里程碑。从艺术上讲，莎士比亚的悲剧是莎剧中成就最高的，而其中又以四大悲剧为代表。
在《哈姆雷特》这悲剧中主人公是理智的，计划周到的，但却总难付诸行动。在《奥赛罗》里，主人公奥赛罗是性格刚勇的好汉，他爱着也被爱着。《李尔王》一剧的人物形象可以看出作品反映的时代生活广度和深度，李尔王的悲剧命运贯穿全剧的中心。《麦克白》是四大悲剧中最后完成的，也是悲剧中最短的一个。它以戏剧情节发展的快速而闻名。
莎士比亚的以四大悲剧为代表的悲剧世界，其中各个角色，各个场景都深深震撼我们的心灵，本文通过四大悲剧主人公性格分析，指出了面对生活的苦难和人生的荒谬，人们应如何做出选择。我们从中一定会找到行事的方针和生活的智慧。

关键词

莎士比亚；悲剧；性格缺陷；罪恶；欲望

Contents

Abstract......................................................................I
Key Words.....................................................................I
摘要..........................................................................II
关键词........................................................................II
Introduction..................................................................1
I. The Four Great Tragedies’ Heroes’ Analysis...............................2
A. A Tragic Hero－Hamlet......................................................2
B. Victim of Credulity－Othello...............................................4
C. A Tragic King Created by Power－Lear.......................................6
D. Tragedy Caused by Ambition－Macbeth........................................7
II. The Influence Elements of the Four Great Tragedies’ Accomplishment.......9
The Living Experience.........................................................9
The Social Background.........................................................10
III. The Revelation of the Tragedy Works......................................11
Conclusion....................................................................12
Acknowledgements..............................................................13
Bibliography..................................................................14

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