燃煤电厂输灰系统控制

论文编号:ZD865    论文字数:22700,页数:51

燃煤电厂输灰系统控制——降低4#、5#炉输灰系统非正常出料次数
摘  要
 华能长兴电厂在自动化改造中, 选用了XDPS-400控制系统。实现了机组的集中监控、AGC 和一次调频功能, 达到了300 MW及以上机组的自动化水平。
 结合工程实例介绍了XDPS-400计算机分散控制系统软、硬件系统及其功能,说明了DCS在单元机组综合控制系统中的重要性。燃煤锅炉的输灰方式及输灰系统对电厂的安全、经济运行及环境保护有着重大的影响,介绍一种新型的干式输灰技术──飞灰正压浓相气力输送. 该系统具有明显的节约能源、减少维修费用、改善环境和利于综合利用等优点。并且根据华能长兴发电厂#4、#5号机组输灰系统的设计,介绍了正压密相气力除输灰系统的工作原理、工作流程、设计参数和组成结构,并对其特点进行了分析,为火力发电厂气力输灰系统的选择提供参考。
 另外，针对我厂2 ×135 MW机组输灰系统存在的问题,从输灰用气系统、输灰管配置及控制策略对输灰系统所产生的影响等方面进行分析, 07年5月#4、#5炉输灰控制系统取消了原有的PLC控制，改为DCS控制（新华XDPS  6.0）。在脱硫基建期间，新华公司对输灰PLC进梯形图行了翻译和组态，并仿真运行了一段时间，未发现重要缺陷。然而在实际投用时，非正常出料次数急剧上升，从1-4月份（PLC控制）的9次/月，到5-6月份（DCS控制）达到33次/月之多。
 因此，找出原系统存在的不足,并提出了改进方案。经运行实践证明,改造是成功的。
 
关键词: 125 MW机组; 正压; 浓相; 气力输送

Abstract
 This paper introduces the XDPS-400 control system which is used in Changxin power plant. . The system has the function of centralized monitoring control , AGC and frequency regulation. Also it hasreached the automation level for generating units above 300 MW.
 With the practical project as example, the software system, hardware system and the function of XDPS-400 are introduced. The important of DCS in the comprehensive control system of power unit is presented. A new de-ashing method, known as the fly-ash air-transport technology with concentrated phase positive pressure, is introduced in this paper. Operating practices indicate that, this system are saving energy, lower maintenance cost, to improve environment and better comprehensive utilization etc., and can satisfy the requirements of coal-fired boilers for safety and economy operation in fossil power plant . In combination with the design of the ash handling system for the #4、#5 in Huaneng Power Plant, the principle, work flow, design parameters and structure of the pressurized seal pneumatic ash handling system are described with its features analyzed, which can provide reference for selecting pneumatic ash handling system in thermal power plants.
 Besides, the ash handling system existence in view of my factory 2 ×135 MW units the question, from the ash handling with to be mad that the system, the ash handling system tube disposition and the control policy to loses shade <dnt> </dnt> which the ash system produces to make a sound and so on aspects to carry on the analysis.In the May of 2007,the #4、#5 stove the ash handling system to cancel the original PLC control, changed the DCS control (New China XDPS 6.0). In desulphurization construction period, New China Corporation to the ash handling PLC to enter the trapezoidal chart good translation and the configuration, and simulation run period of time, have not discovered the important flaw. However throws the time in the reality, is unusual the material number of times to rise suddenly, from January to April (PLC control) 9/months, (the DCS control) achieve 33 time/month of many to May to June.
 So discovers the original system existence the insufficiency, and proposed the improvement program. Proved after the movement practice that the transformation is successful.
 
Keywords： 125 MW unit ; positive pressure; concentrated phase; air-transport

 目  录
摘 要   ... ... ... ... .
1  绪论
 1.1 概述... ... ... ..... .1
 1.2 本课题的主要任务.. ... ... .. .2
2  XDPS-400简介
 2.1 XDPS-400的产生.. ... .......3
 2.2 XDPS-400的定义.. ......... .3  .
 2.3 XDPS-400的系统结构..........3
 2.4 XDPS-400的系统特点.. ... .... ..5
 2.5 XDPS-400的网络结构.. ... ... ...8
 2.6 XDPS-400的硬件系统.. ... .. . ..10
 2.7 XDPS-400的软件系统.. ... .. . ..10
3  电厂输灰系统简介
 3.1 输灰系统的定义.. ... .. .. ..14
 3.2 输灰流程的介绍.. ...... .. ..14
 3.3 正压气力输灰系统的组成.. . ... ... ..15
 3.4 正压气力输灰系统（仓泵）介绍.. . ... .... .16
 3.5 仓泵输灰系统工作原理及流程.... ... ..17
 3.6 正压气力输灰系统的特点.. ...... .18
4  降低4#、5#炉输灰系统非正常出料次数的研究
 4.1 小组概况.. ... ... .. . .. 20
 4.2 设备简介.. ..... . . . . . .  .20
 4.3 选题理由... ... .. . . ... .22
 4.4 设定目标值... .... . ... .23
 4.5 目标可行性分析... ... .. ... .24
 4.6 原因分析... ..... ... .26
 4.7 要因确定... ... ... ...28
 4.8 制定对策... ... ... ...31
 4.9 实施对策... ... ... ...31
 4.10 效果检查...... ... ..35
 4.11 巩固措施... ...  ... .36
5  总结和改进......38
致谢... ... . . ...39
参考文献... ... ... ..40
附录1  发电厂主要系统图.. 41
附录2  新华公司XDPS系统问题分析与处理47

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