全自动机床控制系统的开发研究

论文编号:ZD332  论文字数:26355,页数:64，有开题报告，任务书，文献综述

摘   要
 
 在控制系统中，有继电器控制系统、计算机控制系统和PLC控制系统，在不同的应用领域，各控制系统有着各自的优势，但是随着时间的推移，科学技术的发展，控制系统也向在着更高的方向发展，落后的控制技术必将被先进可行的控制技术所取代。由于PLC控制系统与继电器控制系统及微机控制系统相比，具有设计、安装、接线、调试工作量小，研制周期短，可靠性高，抗扰能力强，故障率低，对工作环境要求低，维护方便等一系列优点，因此，已成为国内外机床控制对象的首选控制方案。为机床控制对象设计研制一个技术性能优良的控制系统，对于提高机床控制对象的整体技术性能来说具有十分重要的意义。本文正是针对这一课题，选择PLC控制系统作为机床控制对象的控制方案，这对提升机床控制对象的整体技术性能可以起到良好的作用。
 在基于PLC的机床控制系统设计中，设计了机床自动线PLC控制系统总体方案 ，进行了软、硬件的设计，并给出了实现方案。对基于PLC的机床控制系统中的电机电器控制线路和液压传动PLC控制系统的设计过程作了阐述。在电动机电器控制线路的设计部分，阐述了电动机主电路及其电器控制电路的设计过程，给出了这两个电路的电器元件的选择结果。在液压传动PLC控制系统的设计部分，阐述了PLC I/O接线图的设计过程，给出PLC及其输入／输出元件的选择结果，详细地阐述了PLC用户程序的设计过程，其中包括对公用程序、单机单步程序、全机半自动程序、全机自动回原点程序的设计过程的阐述，并给出了上述所有程序的梯形图和指令表。

关键词：全自动机床；PLC；控制系统；设计。
  
Abstract
 In control system, have to control the system, calculator control system after the electric appliances to control the system with the PLC, in the different and applied realm, each control system has got each from of advantage, but along with change horaryly, technical development in science, control the system also faces at the higher direction develops, the control technique that fall behind is necessarily will was replaced by the advanced viable control technique.Because PLC control system with control system and tiny machines the control after the electric appliances the system compare, having the design, install, connect the line and adjust to try the workload small, research to manufacture the period short, the dependable is high, the anti- interference ability is strong, breaking down the rate low, request to be low to the work environment, support a series of advantage in etc. in convenience, therefore, have become the head that domestic and international machine bed control object choose to control the project.Research to manufacture the good control in function in a technique system for the machine bed control object design, for machine bed that increases the whole technique function controls the object to say that have the very important meaning.This text aims at this lesson a control for, choice PLC control system conduct and actions machine bed controling object project exactly, this control to machine beds that promote the whole technique functions the object can rise good function.
    In according to PLC machine bed control system design, designed the total project in system in control in PLC in automatic line in bed in machine, proceed soft, the design of the hardware, and gave to realize project.To according to the PLC machine bed control electrical engineering in the system electric appliances control circuit presses with the liquid PLC that spreading and moving the design process controls the system makes to expatiate.Control the design part of the circuit in the electric motor electric appliances, expatiate main electric circuit in electric motor and its electric applianceses control the design process of the electric circuit, giving the choice result of an electric appliances for these two electric circuits a piece.Press to spread to move the design part that PLC control the system in the liquid, expatiate the design process that PLC I/ O connect the line diagram, give the PLC and its input/output a design for of choice result, in detail expatiating PLC customer procedure process, among them the design process that include to use the single automatic procedure, whole machine in half in a procedure, whole machine in procedure, single machine to the Public procedure automatically expatiates, and the trapezoid diagram that gave above all procedures with instruction form.

Key words: Full-automatic machine bed ；PLC； Control system ； Design

目   录
摘  要………………………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ
 Abstract …………………………………………………………………………………Ⅱ
第1章 绪 论 …………………………………………………………………………… 1
  1.1 控制系统在全自动机床中的作用与地位 ……………………………………1
  1.2 控制系统的发展与种类 ………………………………………………………1
 1.2.1 控制系统的发展 ………………………………………………………1
 1.2.2 控制系统的种类 ………………………………………………………2
  1.3课题的背景意义和研究内容 …………………………………………………2
 1.3.1 课题的背景意义 ………………………………………………………2
 1.3.2 主要研究内容 …………………………………………………………3
第2章 系统总体控制方案的确定 ………………………………………………………5
    2.1 对全自动机床的概述 …………………………………………………………5
 2.1.1 全自动机床的用途及基本结构…………………………………………5
 2.1.2 全自动机床工作过程简述………………………………………………5
     2.2 设计要求  ………………………………………………………………………6
        2.2.1 对工作方式的设计要求 ………………………………………………6
        2.2.2 对单机控制的要求 ……………………………………………………6
        2.2.3 对全机控制的要求 ……………………………………………………6
        2.2.4 对保护方面的设计要求 ………………………………………………6
        2.2.5对局部照明的设计要求 ………………………………………………6
        2.2.6 对信号显示及故障报警方面的设计要求 ……………………………6
     2.3 总体控制方案论证 ……………………………………………………………7
第3章 控制系统硬件设计 ……………………………………………………………8
     3.1 电动机电器线路的设计 ………………………………………………………8
         3.1.1 电器元件的配置 ……………………………………………………8
         3.1.2 电器元件型号规格的选择 …………………………………………8
         3.1.3 动力电路的设计 ………………………………………………………14
3.1.4 其他电路的设计 ……………………………………………………14
     3.2 液压传动PLC控制系统硬件设计 …………………………………………16
         3.2.1 PLC控制系统电器元件的配置 ………………………………………16
  3.2.2 PLC控制系统电器元件的选择 ………………………………………18
  3.2.3 PLC机型的选择 ………………………………………………………21
  3.2.4 PLC I/O元件分配 ……………………………………………………22
  3.2.5 PLC I/O接线图的绘制 ………………………………………………24
第4章 控制系统软件设计 ………………………………………………………………25
 4.1 控制系统软件设计方案的确定 ………………………………………………25
 4.2 软件的组成及应用 ……………………………………………………………25
 4.3 公用程序的设计 ………………………………………………………………26
 4.4 全机半自动工作方式的程序设计 ……………………………………………26
 4.5 单机单步工作方式的程序设计 ………………………………………………28
 4.6 全机自动回原点程序的设计 …………………………………………………32
总结 ………………………………………………………………………………………34
参考文献 …………………………………………………………………………………35
致谢 ………………………………………………………………………………………36
附录 ………………………………………………………………………………………37

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