景观温室控制系统的设计

论文编号:ZD069   字数:23582,页数:55 

摘 要
景观温室是一种配备有温室环境控制系统的资源集约型高效农业生产方式，它在调控温室内小气候环境以适应作物生长发育要求的同时，不仅实现了作物的反季节生产，还提高了作物的质量以及作物生产的效率。近年来随着传感器技术、计算机技术、网络技术、智能控制技术以及生物技术等高新技术和手段的飞速发展，带来了温室环境控制方面的一场革命。温室环境控制系统正在不断吸收相关领域新的理论和方法，结合温室作物种植的特点，不断创新，逐步完善。
本论文首先介绍了国内外温室环境控制系统的研究发展状况，总结了温室环境控制系统的发展趋势，分析了现有温室环境控制系统存在的不足。温室环境控制的目的是把各被控变量(温室环境因子)，如光照、温度、湿度、CO2浓度等，维持在作物生长发育要求的范围内，所以本论文还分析了各环境因子对作物生长发育的影响以及各环境因子之间的相互耦合关系。其次根据工控领域发展迅速的现场总线模型提出了AFCS(Agricultural Field Bus Control System)参考模型，并由此得出分布式温室控制系统的物理模型，然后在上下位机结构形式的基础上对温室控制系统进行了软硬件设计。最后利用工控领域优秀的控制软件组态王(KingView6.5)编写了温室模拟运行软件，利用该软件可以对温室进行参数设置，报表、曲线查询，报警提示等。
关键词:景观温室，环境因素，现场总线，分布式控制，组态软件

Abstract
The ornamental glasshouse is a kind of high efficient and intensive production mode that equipped with the glasshouse environment control system. It adjusts the microclimate of greenhouse in order to adapt to farm crop growth request.At the time it not only carries out the anti-season.production of the farm crop,but also raises the productin effciency.In recent years along with the spread of high new techniques,such as sensor technique, calculator technique, network technique, the intelligence control technique and the living creature technique,it brings a revolution of glasshouse environment control. The glasshouse environment control、system is absorbing the new theories and methods continuously,combining the characteristics of the glasshouse farm crop plant, continuously creative,gradually perfect.
This thesis introduced the  research development condition of domestic and international glasshouse environment control system first, pointed out the development trend and analyzed the existent shortage of the existing glasshouse environment control system. The glasshouse environment control is used to control the light shine,temperature,humidity,C02 density etc. within the scope of the farm crop grow request. So it is meaningful to analyze how environmental factors effect on the farm crop grow and how effect between environmental factors.Based on the model of fieldbus using in the scope of industry control,put forward the
AFCS( Agricultural Field Bus Control System)reference model and got the physical model of distributed glasshouse control system. Then the paper carried on the design of the hardware and software of the system based on PC and PLC. An integrity glasshouse control system shoulds till includes pray irrigation control system.So the paper includes the of spray irrigation system.At last using the configuration software-KingView6.5,author made simulated software that can imitate the movement of greenhousee quipment.And the software can be used to carry on the parameter constitution,report and curve search,and alarming.
Keywords: ornamental greenhouse, environmental factor ,fieldbus,distributed control,
configuration software
                          目录
概要----------------------------------------------------------------1
Abstract------------------------------------------------------------2
1 绪论--------------------------------------------------------------5
1.1 国内外温室控制系统的研究及发展趋势------------------------------5
1.1.1 国外温室控制系统研究发展状况----------------------------------5
1.1.2 我国温室控制系统研究发展状况-------------------------------5
1.1.3 温室控制系统的发展趋势-------------------------------------7
1.2 课题研究的内容、目的及意义-----------------------------------7
1.3 本章小结----------------------------------------------------10
2 温室环境因子及其耦合关系-----------------------------------------10
2-1 温室环境因子------------------------------------------------10
2-1-1 光照----------------------------------------------------10
2-1-2 温度----------------------------------------------------11
2-1-3 水分环境------------------------------------------------12
2-1-4 CO2浓度-------------------------------------------------13
2-2各环境因子间的耦合关系--------------------------------------13
2-3 本章小结---------------------------------------------------14
3 温室分布式控制系统集成模型---------------------------------------14
3-1 分布式控制系统的发展背景-----------------------------------14
3-2 分布式控制系统在温室工程中的优点---------------------------16
3-3 温室分布式控制系统集成模型的提出---------------------------16
3-3-1 OSI模型------------------------------------------------16
3-3-2 现场总线模型-------------------------------------------17
3-3-3 分布式控制在景观温室-----------------------------------18
3-3-4 温室控制分布式控制系统物理模型-------------------------20
4-温室控制系统的硬件配置与电气控制设计----------------------------21
4-1测量系统和环境调控系统----------------------------------------21
4-1-1传感器的选择----------------------------------------------21
4-1-2 环境调控系统---------------------------------------------21
4-2 上下位机监控控制设备的选型-----------------------------------22
4-2-1 上位PC机-------------------------------------------------23
4-2-2 下位机PLC选型--------------------------------------------23
4-3 系统其它硬件-------------------------------------------------24
4-4 电气控制设计-------------------------------------------------25
4-4-1 电气控制接线原理图---------------------------------------26
4-4-2 电气控制柜-----------------------------------------------30
5 控制系统自动化的软件实现-----------------------------------------32
5.1 梯形图语言实现的简单控制-------------------------------------32
5.1.1 控制策略-------------------------------------------------32
5.1.2 PLC存储器分配--------------------------------------------33
5.2 模糊控制算法实现的高级控制-----------------------------------35
5.2.1 模糊控制系统及模糊控制器的基本组成-----------------------35
5.2.2 实现温室环境因子模糊控制的方法---------------------------36
5.2.3 MATLAB仿真-----------------------------------------------41
5.2.4 VB编程实现的自动控制子程序-------------------------------42
5.3 本章小结-----------------------------------------------------43
6 温室模拟运行人机界面---------------------------------------------43
6.1 组态王KingView简介-------------------------------------------43
6.2 组态王通信设置-----------------------------------------------43
6.2.1 I/O设备管理----------------------------------------------44
6.2.2 组态王变量定义-------------------------------------------44
6.2.3 组态王与VB通信-------------------------------------------45
6.3 模拟运行软件------------------------------------------------45
6.3.2 模拟运行软件能------------------------------------------45
6.4 本章小结----------------------------------------------------49
结束语----------------------------------------------------------49
参考文献--------------------------------------------------------50

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