基于PLC的智能交通灯监控系统设计

论文编号:ZD081  字数:19555.页数:61,S7-200系列PLC

摘 要
目前，我国许多大中城市的交通压力都非常大。部分交通路口的信号灯工作时间不合理，交通违章或肇事记录不确切。所以，改善与提高现有的交通系统的工作效率，加强交通路口的信号灯控制和安全状况的监控是非常重要的。
本设计主要设计利用PLC来实现十字路口交通灯的控制与监控。通过交通中心的主机根据具体城市各路口的需要控制各个十字路口的PLC，从而控制十字路口交通灯的变化，以及对各个路口的安全状况进行监控，监控机动车是否违章、是否肇事，并把记录的结果存储、上传和处理。
本设计的上位机采用PC机，使用VB高级语言做监控界面。通过安装在十字路口的监控设备以及移动电子监控设备，对各个十字路口的安全状况进行监控。下位机采用德国西门子的S7-200系列的CPU226做主机，配以扩展模块EM222。设计中采用S7-200编程软件STEP 7 - Micro/WIN3.2进行编程。采用顺序功能图与梯形图相结合的方法设计程序。实现对城市十字路口的合理控制与监控。
关键词：PLC控制系统；梯形图；交通灯

Abstract
At present, traffic pressure in many large and medium-sized cities in China is very great. Some traffic lights’s working hours is unreasonable, violation and records of the incident is inaccurate too. Therefore, to improve and enhance the existing transport system's efficiency and strengthen the control of traffic lights and monitoring the security situation is very important.
The main idea of design is to achieve the control of traffic lights at crossroads and monitoring by PLC. Through the host at control centre to control the various crossroads PLC according to the specific needs of the junction of the city,to control the change of traffic lights at the crossroads,and to monitor the security situation at crossroads, whether the vehicle violate regulations,whether cause incident， and to record The results. then, storage, upload and processing.
This design's superior machine uses PC, uses the VB higher order language to make the monitoring contact surface. Through installs in the intersection monitoring equipment as well as the mobile electron monitoring equipment, carries on the monitoring to each intersection's safe condition. The lower position machine uses German Simens's S7-200 series CPU226 to make the main engine, matches expands module EM222. In the design uses S7-200 programming software STEP 7 - Micro/WIN3.2 to carry on the programming. Uses methods design procedure which the smooth functional diagram and the trapezoidal chart unify. Realizes to the city intersection reasonable control and the monitoring.
Key words：PLC controlling system；Trapezoidal diagram；Traffic Light

目 录
第1章 绪论  1
1.1 交通灯发展现状   1
1.2 交通灯监控系统的设计意义   1
1.3 PLC控制设计内容及任务   2
第2章交通灯系统总体方案论证   3
2.1 单片机系统控制   3
2.2 可编程序控制器控制   3
2.3 继电器接触控制   4
2.4 控制方案的确定   4
第3章系统硬件设计   7
3.1 系统的组成框图   7
3.2 交通灯的控制过程   7
3.3 PLC的选型  9
3.4 扩展模块的选择   11
3.5 监控系统   15
3.6 通信系统   19
第4章系统软件设计   21
4.1 系统控制过程   21
4.2 流程图   21
4.3 交通灯工作时序图   24
4.4 梯形图   25
4.5 监控界面设计   31
4.5.1 系统构成  32
4.5.2 操作流程及通讯原理   32
4.5.3 VB中的MSComm控件选择   35
4.5.4 方案的具体实现  36
4.5.5 结论  38
第5章设计总结  39
参考文献   40
致谢   41
附录1   42
附录2   52

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