组态监控变频恒压供水系统设计

论文编号:ZD632    论文字数:25983,页数:58

摘要
 随着中国经济的快速发展，城市化步伐加快。现在很多人已经住进小区，所以小区必须提供给人们很好的供水质量，但也不能浪费有限的水资源。每个小区都建有自己的供水系统。小区供水系统的稳定性，可靠性，经济性直接影响到供水质量，传统的供水方式普遍存在占地面积大、可靠性差、难以维护等缺点，所以现在基本已经被淘汰了。
 本文主要设计一套小区变频恒压供水系统，该系统由PLC，变频器，水泵机组，压力传感器，液位传感器，上位机，通信模块等设备组成。该系统具有生活管网和消防管网。该系统可以手动运行，也可以自动运行，同时还设计了人机界面，通过远程通信可以远程控制系统的运行。系统针对传统供水方式的缺点有了大大的改善，不仅提高了供水质量，同时也节约了水资源，投入资金较少，维护方便。
 变频恒压供水系统与传统供水系统相比，节能效果非常显著。为了实现系统的恒压，本设计通过压力传感器检测压力，然后反馈给变频器的PID模块，这样就构成一个闭环控制系统。再通过变频器控制电机的转速，这就是变频调速。论文同时也讨论了消防供水的问题，在消防管网中配备了两台高功率的电机。
    最后，还通过组态软件编译了人机界面，使系统更加完善。同时通过通信模块与上位机相连接，构成一个远程监控系统，通过上位机就可以实现远程监控系统的运行情况，还可以改变系统的运行参数。对于保护环节，系统设计了水位报警，变频器故障报警，软启动器保护等。

关键词：变频器；PLC；恒压供水；变频调速；监控系统

ABSTRACT
 Along with the rapid development of Chinese economy, the urbanization step is quickly. Now many people have moved to communities, so the Community has to provide good water supply quality to people, but can not waste water resources. Community built their own water systems. Community water supply system must supplies water the stability, credibility of system, the economy directly influences to supply water quality .The traditional means of water supply cover big area, and low efficiency，hard maintenance etc. So it’s already been eliminated now.
 This text mainly designs a cell constant pressure water supply system, which by the PLC, transducer, water pump, pressure sensors, liquid level sensors, host computer, communication modules and other equipment composition. The system has to live tube net and fire net. The system can control by hand, it also can control automatically. It still designed a man-machine interface at the same time．Passing the long range correspondence can with the movement that the long range control the system. The system has solved the problem existing in the traditional way of water supply, such as economize water resources, it are little to throw in funds, maintenance convenience.
 The system compare with the traditional way of water supply, it has energy conservation effect extraordinary prominence. For carrying out system of constant pressure, this design spreads the feeling machine examination pressure through a pressure, Then the feedback give the PID mold piece of inverter. Therefore this made one cyclic control system. And then variable-frequency controls the electric machine, so this is a variable velocity variable frequency. The problem that the thesis also discussed that the fire fight supplies water at the same time took care of to provide with the electrical engineering of two set high powers in the net in the fire fight.
 Finally, it also edited and translated a man-machine interface through a set of software. The system is more perfect. At the same time we Build up a conjunction between the PLC and the computer. For the protection link, the system designed water level to report to the police, the inverter breakdown reports to the police, the soft starter protects etc.
Key words：Variable-frequency; PLC; Constant pressure water-supply; Variable Velocity variable frequency; monitor and control-system

目录
摘要 2
第一章 绪论 7
1.1变频恒压供水产生的背景和意义 7
1.2变频恒压供水系统的国内研究现状 8
1.2.1各类供水系统的比较 8
1.2.2国内恒压供水系统研究状况 8
1.3几种供水系统的比较 8
1.4本课题的主要研究内容 10
第二章 变频恒压供水系统的理论以及方案确定 11
2．1 供水系统的基本模型和主要参数 12
2．2供水系统的特性曲线和工作点 13
2．3供水系统中恒压实现方式 14
2．4异步电动机调速方法 15
2．5 变频调速恒压供水系统能耗分析 16
2．6供水系统安全性讨论 18
2．7变频恒压控制的理论模型 19
2．8变频恒压供水系统的近似数学模型 20
2.9变频恒压供水系统中加减水泵的条件分析 21
第三章 变频恒压供水系统的硬件设计 22
3．1 变频恒压供水系统总体控制方案的确定 22
3．2变频恒压供水系统总体结构图 24
3．3变频恒压供水系统主要器件的选型以及参数整定 26
3．3．1系统配置设备的参数计算 26
3．3．2变频器的选型 26
3．3．3 PLC及其扩展模块的选型 31
3．3．4水泵机组的选型 33
3．3．４压力传感器的选型 34
3．3．5软启动器或自耦变压器 34
3．4系统电路设计 34
3．4．1系统管网设计 34
3．4．2压力传感器的接线图 35
3．4．3变频器和ＰＬＣ控制电路设计 35
3．4．4系统控制电路的设计 39
3．5系统的I/O地址分配 39
第四章 变频恒压供水系统的软件设计 41
4．1变频恒压供水系统的工作原理 41
4．2系统的主程序流程图 42
4．3  PID调节器控制以及参数整定 44
4．3．1 PID调节器控制 44
4．3．2变频器PID参数调整流程图 46
4．3．3变频器PID参数设置及参数调整 47
第五章 系统远程监控系统的设计 49
5．1 监控系统硬件构成 49
5.2 三菱FX系列PLC通信协议 51
5.3  PLC通信程序设计 52
5.4计算机通信程序设计 53
5.5上位机监控软件设计 54
第六章 总结 56
参考文献 57
附录1：梯形图 57

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