四层交流双速电梯的PLC电气控制系统的设计

论文编号:ZD145  附CAD图, PLC:OMRON公司的C60P型机   论文字数:20750,页数:42

摘要
电梯是高层建筑中不可缺少的运输工具,用于垂直运送乘客和货物.传统的电梯控制系统采用继电器—接触器进行控制,其缺点是触点多,故障率高,可靠性差,维修工作量大，体积庞大等。PLC 不仅能实现对开关量的逻辑控制，使用PLC后，还可以减少大量的中间继电器和时间继电器，大大简化了控制系统，提高了运行可靠性和自动化程度，PLC还具有完善的功能，通用性强，性价比高；无触点免配线，可靠性高，抗干扰能力强；体积小，能耗低等特点。因此采用PLC组成的控制系统可以很好地解决上述问题,使电梯运行更加安全、方便、舒适。交流双速电梯具有结构紧凑，维护简单的特点；采用开环控制方式，线路简单，价格较低，同时将涡流制动，能耗制动等方式用于交流电梯上，可以得到满意的舒适感和平层准确度，因而交流双速电梯得到了较为普遍的应用。本文以四层电梯为例介绍了交流双速电梯的PLC电气控制系统的设计过程。
关键词：交流双速电梯；PLC；控制系统

Abstract
Elevator is the indispensable transportation instrument in the high constructions .It is used to carry passengers and goods vertically.In the traditional elevator control systems,we mainly adopt relay-contactor control system ,it exists some disadvantages such as too many contacts,high rate of malfunction, bad reliability and large bulk, etc. PLC not only can carry out logic of switch volume, but also has mathematics operation, data processing, movement control, analoy volume PLC control, communication in network and so on. For complicated control systems, using PLC can decrease a lot of middle relays and time relays, simplify control circuit greatly, improve the reliability of operation and the degree of automation, so it can be said that PLC can completely take place of relay-contactor control systems. PLC also has many characteristics such as strong function, price and function compare high; none of contacts and need not to go together with lines, high reliability, strong ant-interference ability; small bulk, low consumption, etc .So we can solve the above problems by adopting PLC control system which makes the function of elevators more safety, more convenient and more comfortable. AC twin - speed elevator has the characteristic of close configuration and simple maintenance.It adopts open-loop control ,which makes the circuitries more simple and the price low. What’s more, It adopts bow wave brake，energy waste brake and other manners to the AC elevator，which make the comfortable feeling and the stop precise degree more satisfactory, thus AC twin - speed elevator is prevalently used.This paper introduces the design course of electric control system of AC twin - speed elevator based on four floors.
Key words: AC twin - speed elevator； PLC； Control system

目录
1 绪论 III
1.1 电梯的发展   1
1.2 电梯的分类   1
1.3 电梯的基本规格、型号和主要性能指标  2
1.4 电梯的运行过程简介  4
1.5 PLC在电梯系统中的应用   5
1.6 交流双速电梯的主要性能指标与特点   6
2 电梯的机械系统  7
3 电梯的拖动控制系统   9
3.1 电梯电气控制系统的主要环节   9
3.2 电梯电气控制系统的主要部件及器件   13
3.3 交流双速电梯拖动方式   13
4 总体方案的设计   15
4.1 系统控制方案的确定   15
4.2 系统对电气控制的要求   16
4.3 电梯主要设备的选型   16
4.3.3 自动门电动机  17
4.3.4 PLC的选型  17
5 系统的硬件设计   18
5.1 主电路的设计   18
5.1.1 主拖动、控制电源电路  18
5.1.2 安全、开关门控制电路  20
5.1.3 上班开门开放电梯、下班关门关闭电梯及照明控制电路  21
5.2 元件名称代码对照表   22
5.3 I/O接口分配及控制电路的设计   23
6 系统的软件设计  25
6.1 电梯运行流程图  25
6.2 梯形图的设计   25
结论   35
致谢   36
参考文献  37

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