题目（英文） Influence of cultural differences on English and  

                    American literature review                                             

题目（中文） 文化差异对英美文学及评论的影响                                                 

Abstract

The cultural differences among the ethnic groups have created the world cultural diversity, making the world culture more colorful. As far as the British and American literary criticism is concerned, its content and development are influenced by cultural differences at different levels. Meanwhile, the development of literary criticism also plays an important role in the English and American literature. Therefore, the study of British and American literature, the study of British and American literature criticism, will be placed in the cultural background of the analysis, exploration, so that it can be deep and profound. American literature has been influenced by the British literature to a great extent. But there’s obvious difference between British and American literature. Through the comparison of British and American literature, it can be found that the differences between British and American literature are cultural differences, which are reflected in the differences between gentry’s culture and cowboy culture.

Keywords　

Cultural difference，English and American literature, criticism, influence.

Contents

Abstract I

Contents I

Introduction……………………………………………… ……………..2

1. A brief introduction of British and American Literature 2

2. A brief introduction of British and American literary criticism………2

3. Aesthetic characteristics of English and American Literature………...2

3.1 Rich Bristish style in British literature ………………………… 3

3.2 Openness, idealism, freedom and independence in American             Literature…………………………………………………………….3

3.3 Cultural differences reflected by English and American Literature .4

4. The influence of cultural differences on American literature and criticism ………………………………………………………………….5

4.1 Influence of different national languages on English and American literature and criticism …………………………………...5

4.2 The influence of cultural connotation on American literature eva luation…………………………………………………………... 6

4.3 The influence of differences in cultural development on American literature criticism….…………………………………….7

4.4 Differences in culture and history on American literature criticism..….………………………………………………………...8

5 Conclusion ……………………………………………….…………….9

References …...10

Introduction 

1. A brief introduction of British and American Literature 

In English and American literature, English has become a tool for expressing feelings and thoughts of the British and American people, and its style is characterized by diversity. American literature includes the following contents: fiction, drama, poetry, etc. British literature has gone through different stages of development, but at different stages, it has different artistic characteristics. Due to the influence of the First World War and the Second World War, British literature began to develop in a pluralistic way. Compared with the United Kingdom, American literature started late, and for a long time, American literature has always imitated British literature. At the beginning of the twentieth Century, American literature developed at a relatively fast speed, and occupied an equally important position in the world literature with British literature. At this time, American literature began to have distinctive features. 

2. A brief introduction of British and American literary criticism 

The so-called literary criticism refers to the analysis of the development of literature by means of the phenomenon of literary theory, so as to promote the development of literary activities. The literary criticisms of the contents are as follows: comment on the novel poetry, drama and other comments; comment. In literary criticism, literary criticism is an important part of. British and American literary criticism is the analysis of English and American literature with the help of literary theory. It not only discovers the laws of English and American literature, but also guides the creation of British and American literature. English literature is the object of literary criticism, the purpose is to analyze the literary works contained the thoughts and feelings, to explore the literature creation style, let more people love on American Literature.

3. Aesthetic characteristics of English and American Literature 

American literature is one of the forms of Anglo American culture, is the world's people understand English culture, English culture in the development process to bring the world to enjoy the spirit is great, so far, some classic masterpiece still influenced world literature, influence people's life, give people unlimited imagination and association. British and American literature or as the brook, clear and quiet; or run like the vast grasslands of wild horses, wild and unrestrained; or as the orchid fragrance and boundless, give people endless imagination...... Whether it is elegant or vulgar, soothing or lively, British and American literature to bring people aesthetic experience as words, here, specific analysis of the artistic features of American literature, American literature dig great cultural connotation. 

3.1. Rich British style in British literature

English literature has a long history in the development process, its continuous evolution and deepening, has undergone great changes. But in general, English literature in different extent influenced by religion, history, society and culture is great, English literature can reflect the different levels of English culture, study on the history of British literature can spy on British social and cultural history, you can feel the thick rich style of England, can better grasp the people of the British Empire the spiritual pursuit and aesthetic characteristics. Influence of culture on literature is extremely far-reaching. Throughout the history of English literature, from the Anglo Saxon period to the Renaissance, it was a great turning point, and completed a great change from God to man. Although English literature has changed constantly in form and expression, British literature remains unchanged in displaying the life culture and displaying the invariable human nature. Each stage of American literature has a unique artistic charm, especially after the Second World War, British literature has undergone great changes, in the diversification of the social and cultural background, the value orientation of the diversification of English literature, toward the direction of diversification, is to enrich the content, more diverse art display of human life and cultural diversity development outlook

3.2. Openness, idealism, freedom and independence in American Literature 

American literature has been influenced by the British literature to a great extent. Because the United States is a former British colony, the United States is influenced by British culture extensively and profoundly, even though the United States comes from the British rule and become an independent and powerful emerging countries, American literature is no longer simply to imitate the routines and ideas, but to a certain extent, American literature is still a British literary imprint. American literature has gone through different stages from imitation to replacement of old and new to creation, and now it has entered a period of diversified development. Compared to English literature, American literature conveys more freedom, more peace, the pursuit of people's sense of independence and dignity, more civilians and masculinity, and it can give people endless upward force, American literature can make us feel the power of freedom, the pursuit of happiness. For it is full of strength the United States, American literature can bring people endless joy. 

For example, the famous American writer Jack London's works are full of masculine beauty. Reading his works, all readers are convinced by the content of the works and its energy momentum is pressing. Jack London, although only 40 years old, showed a strange and wide world in 19 novels and more than 150 short stories for the reader, a variety of fresh works presented by the protagonist, the plot showing the cruel man and nature of the contest, and the complex interpersonal relationship and so on. They embody American people’s yearning for courage, perseverance, and noble love and the spirit of quality. It can be said that the creation of literary works to the reader's mind is a great shock. Again, Hemingway is the world famous American writers, whose literary masterpiece the Old Man and The Sea, with "the creation of the protagonist Santiago readers never tail to see the tough guy, the elderly man facing irreversible fate of reality, can still be firm and inflexible, indomitable, although the final result is a failure, he can still keep the dignity with courage, still does not change the manner of a victor," man is not defeated, you can destroy him, but you just can't beat him, "this is the famous Hemingway, who describes mankind's undefeated spirit. Mark Twain is known as the master of humor, his humorous satire as to show social evils to the world, hoping the community more perfect and ideal expression for freedom of and equal society. From these representative works, it is easy to see that the cultural characteristic of the Americans.

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