The Application of Aesthetics in Scenic-Spot

Introduction Translation

3.1 The Aesthetic Principles

As to aesthetic principles, Xu Yuanchong(许渊冲） once advocated “beauty in sense is in the first place; beauty in sound the second and beauty in form the third. The ideal, best state is to preserve the three at the same time. When it cannot be achieved, the beauty in form can be neglected; but on the precondition of preserving beauty in sense; beauty in sound should be preserved as much as possible." (2006:131) Since scenic-spot introductions are something different from literary works, different principles are proposed in order to achieve satisfying effects. It is necessary for translators to follow some basic principles.

(1 ) Translators should select the most important information to convey in order to catch the tourists* attention in a short time, they need to decide whether the information to be deleted or added.

Example(10):(大铁钟>上层为佛教的《多心经》。中层为铭文和铸钟题名,铭文和题名分为四部分，分别以篆体“皇图巩固”、“帝道遐昌”、“佛日增辉”、 “法轮常转”加框居中排列，如同文章的标题，作为各段铭文的开首。下层为龙 珠及卷草纹饰。它是研究清初定藩的组织、定藩与平南王的关系以及“三藩之乱” 的珍贵文物。

Translation: There are inscriptions and autographs on the bell. It is a rare cultural relic for study of the history of early Qing Dynasty.

Since the original content is quite complicated for foreign tourist to understand, the translator chooses the key information as “inscriptions” and “autographs” to call tourists, attention. Obviously, the content omitted can be found through tourists， observation.

Translators should consider the culture factor and do their utmost to bridge the culture gap, to make sure that all readers can appreciate the essence of culture.

Example(9) listed in Chapter2 strictly obey the principle.

 Translators should keep the beautifulness in sound of the source text to the largest extent. For example, rhyme, rhythm, etc.

Translators should keep the beautifulness in content to the largest extent. For instance, the choice of image, the description of image, and figures of speech such as simile, metaphor, personification, parallelism, etc.

Example (10)武陵源风景区集中中国名山的雄、奇、险、秀、幽、野于一 身，有“天下奇峰归武陵”之美誉。

Translation: The spot boasts of natural beauty which makes the grand, rare, dangerous, elegant, tranquil, wild sceneries of famous mounts in China exist in total harmony. Therefore Wu Lin Yuan owns the fame of 4trare mountains in the world run into Wu Lin Yuan”.（宗端华 & 廖国强 2008: 234) Concise but meaningful, those Chinese characters “雄、奇、险、秀，幽、野” are prone to attract tourists’ attention, and the beautifulness of original single sound is replaced by the beautifulness of single form; the beautifulness of personification and exaggeration from “天下奇峰归武陵” is also remained in the target language, two principles are perfectly realized in the example.

3.2 Aesthetic Comprehension

Comprehension of the scenic-spot introductions is the basic step in aesthetic translation for the next three steps. First of all, translators should have a good understanding of all aesthetic constituents of scenic-spot introductions, i.e. the beauty at sound level, lexical level and syntactical level. To accomplish the task, translators must make full use of their knowledge of vocabulary and grammar as well as cultural background knowledge to analyze source text word by word, sentence by sentence. After acquiring the literal meaning of the source text, the next job for translator is to understand the image and style; this may be the subtlest, hardest but most fascinating work in the aesthetic practice, and translators should try hard to grasp all of these delicate elements as a whole system in the source text. Moreover, translators need to comprehend the implied but ubiquitous charm and essence which has been embodied in the whole text.

3. 3 Aesthetic Improvement Situations Violating Aesthetic Essence

On one aspect, errors and omissions may still exist after the first two steps, so the translators need to make corrections. On the other aspect, it is impossible to represent all aesthetic feelings, so it is necessary for translators to make selections to improve it. The elementary purpose of improvement is trying to achieve faithfulness and expressiveness. It requires translators to make efforts to arrange the language and structure in an expressive way. The improvement can be realized through language optimization based on linguistic structure. Another purpose of improvement is to regain the beauty of the target text. That is to say, improvement of the target text should not only keep the content in conception but also keep all aesthetic information contained in the source text. In that way, the aesthetic effect of the target text can be remained as much as possible.

There are primary errors existing in the English translation of Chinese scenic-spot introductions, such as spelling mistakes, non-uniformity in the translation of scenic-spot names, information loss, and abuse of Pinyin, etc., which deserve close attention to improve translation performance on the whole.

3. 3.1 Spelling Mistakes

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